Communication and Sensing: Wireless PHY-Layer Threats to Security and Privacy for IoT Systems and Possible Countermeasures

This article systematises the security and privacy threats that appear when wireless signals are used not only for communication but also for environmental sensing, especially in IoT and pervasive-network settings.

It highlights a very concrete frontier: the physical layer is not just a transport medium, but also a place where new leakage, tracking, and attack mechanisms emerge that standard digital protections cannot fully address on their own.